Europa's magnetic signature: report from Galileo's pass on 19 December 1996.

Galileo magnetometer measurements: a stronger case for a subsurface ocean at Europa.

On 3 January 2000, the Galileo spacecraft passed close to Europa when it was located far south of Jupiter's magnetic equator in a region where the radial component of the magnetospheric magnetic field points inward toward Jupiter. This pass with a previously unexamined orientation of the external forcing field distinguished between an induced and a permanent magnetic dipole moment model of Euro...

Transient water vapor at Europa's south pole.

In November and December 2012, the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaged Europa's ultraviolet emissions in the search for vapor plume activity. We report statistically significant coincident surpluses of hydrogen Lyman-α and oxygen OI 130.4-nanometer emissions above the southern hemisphere in December 2012. These emissions were persistently found in the same area over the 7 hours of the observati...

Does Europa's ice hide an ocean?

Ulysses observations of pressure - balance structures in the polar solar wind

Throughout its high-latitude excursion Ulysses has observed several types of solar wind structures. In addition to structures such as Alfven waves, compressional features, and microstreams, the solar wind also contains low contrast pressure-balance structures (PBSs). The PBSs are marked by an anti-correlation of the plasma and field pressures; their signatures are often hidden by the comparativ...

Interpretation of Galileo’s Io plasma and field observations: I0, I24, and I27 flybys and close polar passes

[1] We interpret plasma and magnetic field observations taken during the Galileo spacecraft Io flybys I0 in December 1995, I24 in October 1999, and I27 in February 2000, and we give predictions for a generic pass over Io’s northern pole with a threedimensional, two-fluid plasma model. We show that all previous field and plasma observations by the Galileo spacecraft can be explained without the ...